Turbine with radial admission



June 20, 1933. O MGLLER 1,914,752

TURBINE WITH RADIAL ADMISSION Filed May 28, 1952 Patented June 20, 1933UNITED STATES PATENT FFEE OLOV MijLLER, OF FINGSPONG, SWEDEN TURBINEWITH RADIAL ADMISSION This invention relates to turbines with radialadmission having blades in two or more groups which are displacedaxially in relation to each other and through which the steam flows inseries. Reference is made to the applicants copending applications, Nor

614,989 and No. 614,190.

One purpose of the invention is to effect a perfectly controlledbleeding of steam of intermediate pressure, said bleeding steam be ingdrawn off entirely or partially in front of one group of blades.

A further purpose of the invention is to effect an efficient sealingbetween said groups of blades displaced axially in relation to eachother, by use of a sealing device having a small diameter so that thesame sealing effect as that attained by use of the sealing deviceshithertofore used for the same pur- 29 pose may now be attained by useof a device having substantially smaller dimensions.

A further purpose of the invention is to provide for an increased numberof steam bleeding points, steam of very diflerent temperatures and verydifferent pressures being very desirable in many cases in which turbinesare used, for instance, in the cellulose industry. An increased numberof bleeding points is, therefore, desirable.

A further purpose of the invention is to utilize said additionalbleeding points also for supplying additional steam for overloading thegroups of blades.

One embodiment of the invention is illustrated in the annexed drawingshowing an axial section through a part of a turbine with two bladewheels or groups of blades running in the opposite directions anddisplaced 4o axially in relation to each other. The steam flows throughsaid groups in series.

Referring now to the drawing 1 and 2 indicate two shaft ends carryingthe turbine disks 3 and 4 rotating in the opposite directions.

The shaft end 2 carries further a second turbine disk 5, said diskbeing, preferably, constructed in such manner as to lock the disk 4 onthe shaft end 2. At its periphery the disk 3 carries a disk 6. Betweenthe disks 3 and 5 and the disks 4 and 6, respectively,

blade rings 21 and 22 of the usual construction are provided.

Such blade rings 21 may also be arranged between the disks 5 and 6, ifdesired. Just as in the normal radial flow turbines, the journals orshafts 1 and 2 are encircled by steam chambers 7 and 9, respectively,concentric with the shafts, and said chambers are encircled by outerconcentric chambers 8 and 10, respectively. Between the shaft ends 1, 2and the steam chambers 7, 9 packings 11 and 12, respectively, for theshafts are provided and between the steam chambers and the turbine diskslabyrinth packings 13 and 14, respectively, with their plates 15, 16 G5or 17 18, respectively, are placed. To the chamber 7 a steam inlet tube19 leads and from said chamber 7 there are bores 20 through the turbinedisk 3 to the centre of the groups of blades 21. A valve is providedbetween the chambers 7 and 8. From the chamber 8 to an intermediatestage of the blades 21 there are channels 23 through the plates 15, 16and the turbine disk 3.

The series channel or passage channel 24 from the group of blades 21 tothe group of blades 22 communicates at the point of its narrowestdiameter via openings 25 in the turbine disk 4 with the chamber 9.Between the chamber 9 and the chamber 10 a valve 26 S9 is arranged andfrom said chamber 10 to an intermediate stage of the group of blades 22channels 27 pass through the plates 18, 17 and the turbine disk 4. Tothe chamber 9 a pipe 28 leads and with the chambers 8 and S5 10 tubes 29and 30, respectively, may be connected.

In front of the group of blades 22 a packing 31 is provided, constructedas a labyrinth A packing. In the direction of flow of the steam thepacking 31 is behind (after) the openings 25. From the chamber 9openings 32 pass through the packing plates 18, 17 and the turbine disk4 to the blades 22 behind the v u packing 31. A rotatable annular slidevalve 33 is provided in the chamber 9 to render it possible to vary thecommunication between the chamber 9 and the openings 32 at will and alsoto cut off said communication entirely, W)

if desired. Thus, it is possible to draw off,

from the passage channel 24, any quantity of the steam before the latterpasses through the blades 22. In accordance with the position of theannular slide valve 33 more or less of the steam or no steam at all, issupplied to the blades 22. It is evident that the bleeding of steam ofintermediate pressure may thus be completely controlled. In thisembodiment it is further also possible to bleed steam of intermediatepressure via the channels .43 and 27 and the ehambersS and 10,respectively, through their corresponding bleeding tubes 29 and 30,respectively. Through the chambers 8, 10 and their corresponding pipesand channels overload steam may be supplied to the corresponding groupsof blades, as is evident without any detailed description. The highpressure steam is supplied through the pipe 19, the chamber 7 and thechannels 20 to the centre of the group of blades 21, whereupon the steampasses through said group of blades and the passage channel 24 to bebled in the manner described above or to be supplied, partially orentirely, to the group of blades 22.

Vith regard to the balance, the labyrinth packing 14 must have greaterplates than those of the packing 13 inasmuch as the steam leaking outthrough 14 has a lower pressure than the steam leaking out from 13. Torender it possible to reduce the dimensions of the labyrinth plates 17and 18 some of the steam is, in the embodiment shown, drawn off from thepacking 13 via openings 34:, chamber 35, pipe 36, chamber 37 andopenings 38 and supplied to the packing 14, so as to increase thepressure in 14.

Some modifications may be made in the devices shown and describedwithout leaving the scope of the invention. For instance, blades may bearranged also in the passage channel 24, as stated above.

lVhat I claim is 1. In a radial admission turbine, a number of groups ofblades and associated blade-earrying members displaced axially inrelation to each other and arranged substantially in the same radialzone, channels between said groups of blades to cause the steam to passthrough said groups in series, a packing in at least one of saidchannels at that end thereof which discharges at the subsequent group ofblades, a central steam bleeding chamber communicating with saidlast-mentioned channel in front of said packing, a passage from saidcentral steam bleeding chamber to said subsequent group of blades, andan adjustable valve in said passage to control the same.

v 2. In a radial admission turbine, disks carried at their innerperiphery and one disk at least carried by its outer periphery in anoverhung manner, blades carried by said disks so as to constitute anumber of groups of blades displaced axially in relation to each otherand arranged substantially in the same radial zone, channels betweensaid groups of blades to cause the steam to pass through said groups inseries, a packing in at least one of said channels at that end thereofwhich dis charges at the subsequent group of blades, said packing beingplaced between the inner periphery of an overhung-disk, carried at itsperiphery, and a disk connected at its inner periphery with the turbineshaft, a central steam bleeding chamber communicating with saidlast-mentioned channel in front of said packing, a passage from saidcentral steam bleeding chamber to said subsequent group of blades, andan adjustable valve in said passage to control the same.

3. In a radial admission turbine, a number of turbine disks and bladescarried by said disks so as to constitute groups of blades, said groupsof blades being displaced axially in relation to each other and arrangedsub stantially in the same radial. zone, channels between said groups ofblades to connect them in series, a packing inv at least one of saidchannels'at that end thereof which discharges at the subsequent group ofblades, a chamber for the high-pressure steam to be supplied to saidgroups in series, a central steam bleeding chamber arranged at theopposite side of said turbine disks and communicating With saidlast-mentioned channel in front of said packing, labyrinth packingsbetween said chambers and some of said turbine disks, a passage betweeninner points of said labyrinth packings, a passage-way from said centrolsteam bleeding chamber to said subsequent group of blades, and anadjustable Valve in said passage-way to control the same.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name. i

OLOV MOLLER.

